🌏 Region(s): Ryukyu (Okinawa)
まなぶん【学ぶん・學ぶん】 : manabun | define meaning
manabun
Pronunciation: [manabuŋ̍]
Definition
Verb
- To learn
Etymology
Cognate with standard Japanese まなぶ【学ぶ・學ぶ】 manabu "to learn".
Historical Ryukyuan attestations
- 沖縄語典 Okinawa goten (Okinawan language dictionary) (1896), by Masayo Nakamoto, records "「まなぶん」學（マナブ）".
Spelling
| Orthography | Form |
|---|---|
| Kanji | 学ぶん 學ぶん |
| Kana | まなぶん |
| Romanization | manabun |
| Pronunciation (IPA) | [manabuŋ̍] |
Verb Paradigm
|
|
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative Perfective |
|
Indicative |
PRED |
manabun |
manadan |
manaban |
manabantan |
|
ATT |
manaburu |
manadaru |
|||
|
Progressive |
PRED |
manadoon |
manadootan |
manadeewuran |
manadeewurantan |
|
ATT |
manadooru |
manadootaru |
|||
|
Causative |
PRED |
manabasun |
manabachan |
manabasan |
manabasantan |
|
ATT |
manabasuru |
manabacharu |
|||
|
Passive and Potential |
PRED |
manabariyun, |
manabaritan, |
manabariran, |
manabarirantan, |
|
ATT |
manabariyuru, |
manabaritaru, |
|||
|
Causative-Passive |
PRED |
manabasariyun, |
manabasaritan |
manabasariran |
manabasarirantan |
|
ATT |
manabasariyuru, |
manabasariraru |
|||
|
Intransitivizing resultative (For transitive verbs only) |
PRED |
manadeen |
manadeetan |
manadeeneen |
manadeeneentan |
|
ATT |
manadeeru |
manadeetaru |
|||
|
Preparatory |
PRED |
manadoochun |
manadoochan |
manadeeukan |
manadeeukantan |
|
ATT |
manadoochuru |
manadoocharu |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Root |
manab- |
|
Dictionary |
manabun |
|
Attributive or Adnominal |
manaburu |
|
Apocopated (indicative imperfective) |
manabu- |
|
Adverbial |
manabi |
|
Volitional-Presumptive |
manaba |
|
Conjunctive |
manadi |
|
Representative |
manadai |
|
Imperative |
manabi, |
|
Conditional |
manabee |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Conjecture |
manaburu haji |
|
So as to... |
manaburu gutu |
|
Before... |
manaburu mee |
|
While... |
manaburu qweeda, manaburu-qweema |
|
Purpose |
manaburu tami ni |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Request |
manadi-kwimisooree |
|
Benefactive |
manadi-kwiin |
|
Completive |
manadi-neen |
|
Concessive conditional |
manadi-n |
|
After... |
manadi-kara |
|
After... |
manadi-atu |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Desiderative |
PRED |
manabi-busan |
manabi-busantan |
manabi-bushikoo neen, manabi-bushikoo neeran |
manabi-bushikoo neentan, manabi-bushikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
manabi-busaru |
manabi-busataru |
|||
|
Easy to... |
PRED |
manabi-yassan |
manabi-yassantan |
manabi-yashikoo neen, manabi-yashikoo neeran |
manabi-yashikoo neentan, manabi-yashikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
manabi-yassaru |
manabi-yassataru |
|||
|
Hard to... |
PRED |
manabi-gurisan |
manabi-gurisantan |
manabi-gurikoo neen, manabi-gurikoo neeran |
manabi-gurikoo neentan, manabi-gurikoo neerantan |
|
ATT |
manabi-gurisaru |
manabi-gurisataru |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Exalting |
PRED |
manabi-misheen |
manabi-misheentan |
manabi-misooran |
manabi-misoorantan |
|
ATT |
manabi-misheeru |
manabi-misheetaru, |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
While (simultaneously)... |
manabi-gachii |
|
Form |
Construction |
|
Reported past |
manabu-tan |
|
Nominalizing |
manabu-shi |
|
Concessive |
manabu-shiga |
|
Cause-effect |
manabu-kutu |
|
Prohibitive |
manabu-na |
|
Provisional conditional |
manabu-raa |
|
Questions |
manabu-ga |
|
Form |
|
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Negative |
Negative perfective |
|
Polite |
PRED |
manababiyun, |
manababitan |
manababiran |
manababirantan |
|
ATT |
manababiyuru, |
manababitaru |
|||
|
Polar questions |
PRED |
manabumi |
manadii |
manabani |
manabantii |
Verb paradigms are based off several sources including, but not limited to:
- Funatsu, Yoshiaki. (1988). 美しい沖縄の方言①. [Utsukushii Okinawa no kotoba 1]. ISBN4-905784-19-0.
- Sakihara, Mitsugu. (2006). Okinawan-English Wordbook. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 0824831020.
- Shizato, Rumiko and Iwasaki, Shoichi. (2024). Basic Okinawan: From Conversation to Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. ISBN: 9780824893651.
意味：まなぶ【学ぶ・學ぶ】